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Opinion

The Efficacy of Bottom up Culture Change explained Through Boiling Water Theory

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Culture Change

Nosa Osaikhuiwu

Nosa Osaikhuiwu highlights the power of bottom up culture change in Nigeria, urging ethical transformation and accountability to resolve the nation’s root problems

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Numerous attempts have been made to identify and address Nigeria’s issues, but these efforts have been ineffective and failed due to misdiagnosis.

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While lack of jobs, corruption, maladministration, poor leadership , decaying infrastructure and lawlessness are often cited as the country’s primary problems, a more nuanced analysis reveals that these issues are merely symptoms of deeper problems.

The root causes of Nigeria’s challenges are ethical, cultural, and greed-related, stemming from a lack of moral compass. Thus any attempts at mitigating or resolving the challenges must start with finding solutions for these identified problems.

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By applying mathematical concepts such as probability and statistics, we can better understand the nature of these problems.

For instance, if we consider two baskets of tomatoes, one with good samples and the other with bad samples, we can see that the probability of selecting a good tomato from the first basket is near 100%, while the probability of selecting a bad tomato from the same basket is near 0%.

This analogy can be applied to Nigeria’s situation, where the country’s problems can be shown to be a reflection of its societal values.

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To address these issues, a cultural transformation is necessary. This can be achieved by introducing ethics, integrity, and moral values into the education system, promoting public awareness campaigns, mobilizing labor, youth, and market women organizations and civil society organizations to embrace and imbibe culture change while also helping to promote accountability and personal responsibility.

By planting the seed for culture change from the ground up, we can create a new generation of Nigerians who value integrity, accountability, and transparency.

Some may argue that culture change must start from the top, but this approach is unlikely to be effective, as those in positions of power are often products of the same system they are being asked to change.

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Instead, we must focus on transforming society as a whole, starting with the education system, our homes, places of worship, our places work, and working our way up.

The “boiling water theory” provides a useful analogy for this process. Just as water molecules rises to the surface and then fall back down as they are heated, repeating the process until water reaches boiling point, cultural transformation can start from the ground and gradually work its way up until it reaches a critical mass.

At this point, the entire society would have become ethically transformed, and the country’s problems will ultimately dissipate and fizzle out.

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To achieve this transformation, we must work together to promote ethical values, accountability, and transparency and put an end to “Oga Abeg” syndrome that prevents accountability and promotes recklessness and lawlessness. These can be done through various initiatives, including:

▪ Changing the education system to include the teaching of ethics, moral values, and integrity in the curricula.
▪ Promoting public awareness campaigns to educate people on the importance of ethics and transparency, and encouraging civil society organizations to promote accountability and personal responsibility.
▪ Using movies and documentaries to promote the right values and the importance of citizenship.
▪ Enlisting other organizations, such as labor and youth groups, in promoting the fight against corruption
▪ Calling for the eradication of state of origin or local government of origin in all government transactions and processes and replacing it with state and local government area of residence.
▪ Educating people on the importance of insisting on atonement and restitution before forgiveness and rejecting “Oga Abeg “.
▪ Educating people on the evils of corruption and how Naira spraying is a gateway to corruption.
▪ Working with various governmental agencies and civil society to promote training on ethical standards and high moral values.
▪ Promoting a more robust engagement from the National Orientation Agency
▪ Advocate for the passage of lifestyle audit for all public

By working together to promote cultural transformation and ethical values, we can create a better future for Nigeria and its people.

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As we embark on this journey together, please ask what can I do to leave this country better than I met it and how can I bequeath a greater nation to the younger generation, for collectively, we are the change that we seek. Let’s make this happen starting today.

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Opinion

Tributes to Dr. Segun Osoba and Abosede Oluwayemisi

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Dr. Segun Osoba

By Bola BOLAWOLE, 

Dr. Segun Osoba, Marxist scholar and historian, was one of my mentors and role models. Our paths crossed long before I came face-to-face with the enigma at the then University of Ife, now Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, where he not only taught me courses in the History department, but was also our staff adviser and comrade.

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Cerebral and unflinchingly principled, Osoba snubbed the usual hussle, if I may call it that, of many academics to attain to the professoral status, preferring to remain “Dr.” even though everyone knew he was not the mate of many a professor!

For me, Osoba’s fame travelled far ahead of him. Appointed by the Murtala Muhammed regime into the Constitution Drafting Committee in October 1975, Osoba, together with his ideological soulmate, Dr. Bala Usman of the History department of the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, broke ranks with the other members of the CDC to author a people-oriented draft Constitution that made the Nigerian people’s interests, aspirations and well-being its focal point. It was termed the Minority Report.

Expectedly, the conservative Olusegun Obasanjo regime that succeeded Murtala Muhammed rejected the Osoba/Bala Usman report while accepting the report of the majority members of the CDC on September 14, 1976. The CDC was chaired by Chief FRA Williams.

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The majority/minority report divide apart, the CDC was not without its controversies: The sage, Chief Obafemi Awolowo, had declined to serve on the committee, thereby reducing its members from 50 to 49. There was also the debate as to what would have been the choice of a much more radical Murtala Muhammed had he not been assassinated on February 13, 1976.

Specifically because of Osoba and Bala Usman, I chose to study History in the university! And I was fortunate to drink from the fountain of knowledge at the feet of Dr. Osoba on and off the classroom. As comrades, our relationship did not end at Ife; usually, comradeship is a life-long endeavour.

In late December 2023, after a spell of ‘long-time-no-see’, four of us old students/comrades of Comrade Osoba decided to visit him at his Ijebu-Ode residence – Femi Falana, SAN; Ambassador Ayo Olukanni; Kayode Komolafe (K.K.) and my humble self.

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Comrade was still his very sharp and humorous self. Despite his health challenges, he still “recognised” each and everyone of us by our voice. We discussed for hours and it was amazing that ill-health spared his intellect. He was his familiar self – analytical, even if caustic, going down memory lane and recalling facts and figures as if he was reading them from a book spread out before him.

We promised to return. Unfortunately, we procrastinated, despite Olukanni’s repeated prodding. But as individuals, we attended his 90th birthday celebration held at Ijebu-Ode on 9th January, 2025. His book, “Critical and Contentious Issues in the Modern and Contemporary History of Nigeria: Collected Writings of Samuel Olusegun Osoba”, which was unveiled at the occasion, adorns my Library. See also my “Tributes to Comrade (Dr.) Segun Osoba at 90”, published in this column in the Wednesday, 15 January, 2025 edition of the New Telegraph newspaper.

Dr. Osoba passed away peacefully at home in Ijebu-Ode on 14 May, 2026. A flurry of activities by comrades from all the nooks and crannies of this country as well as abroad celebrated his life, extolled his virtues, pledged to continue the struggle from where he stopped, and bid him farewell from this earthly plane. In this were the words of Che Guevara fulfilled: “Wherever death may surprise us, let it be welcome, provided that this, our battle cry, may have reached some receptive ear and another hand may be extended to wield our weapons (Message to the Tricontinental, 1967).”

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I was unable to participate fully in some of the activities because of the tragedy that fell at my doorsteps at about the same time.

First, my elder sister’s husband, Gabriel Alani Olusola Omiyale, died on June 11, 2026 at the age of 89 years. He was a mentor. Then came the bombshell: His daughter – and my sister’s second child, Abosede Oluwayemisi – died the same month on June 29th at the age of 54!

That was massive! To say we were devastated is an understatement. If the pains that attended Bose’s death remain indescribable, the ways and manners of her husband and his family immediately before and after her death remain a puzzle. They rubbed insults on our injury.

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They desecrated our Yoruba customs and traditions. Bose had heroically battled the scourge of breast cancer; after undergoing an operation, we were all optimistic she was on the path to full recovery until tests showed she needed more medical attention.

Naturally, she was devastated but, gradually, she built up the confidence and strength required to see her through. No stone was left unturned by her extended family who did not leave the load for the husband and his family to carry. All hands were on deck.

The extended family had always been there for Bose. Her siblings had been wonderful; never allowing her husband’s unstable job situation to show or affect Bose’s treatment and other needs, including her children’s education and welfare. I also played my part. I am grateful to everyone who responded to our clarion call in many ways.

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We were hopeful we would all pull through it and that Bose’s case would be another testimony that cancer can be beaten. All she needed – as much as medicare – were words of encouragement and support. That, however, became the weakest link!

Act one: Against the best advice of her mother, my niece was made to consume a concoction that turned the tide. According to her husband, the concoction was procured by his own brother in Akure, Ondo state, taken to a church for prayers after which it was dispatched through a motorpark! Bose drank this concoction and started vomiting. In his own testimonies, Bose’s husband took her to a hospital where she was given drips, which gave her some strength, but because the doctor was late in coming, he took her back home despite the fact that the test they ran indicated that she had a blood infection! That night at home, she started vomiting again and, according to the husband’s testimony, he took her again to the hospital by 1.30am. She was left unattended until late afternoon when she fell into a coma! Bose’s blood infection was never treated until she passed away!

Act Two: Our standard practice had been to always double-check whatever a doctor said or prescribed, but on this fatal day, Bose’s husband kept all of us in the dark. We were not told of the blood infection. We were not alerted when she started vomiting again in the night. We were not informed when he took her again to the hospital. According to him, Bose walked with her own legs into the hospital, climbing the row of stairs all by herself.

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Act Three: At the hospital, the husband took Bose’s phone and locked it in the car parked downstairs. So she had no access to her phone – to call out or receive in-coming calls. She was held incommunicado. And there was no one else there with the husband and wife. He called noone; he also snubbed repeated incoming calls into his own phone, including from my elder sister, who is Bose’s mother.

Act four: Later that afternoon, the husband called me to say Bose was not responding to treatment and that I should start interceding for her. I was aghast! I had been waiting all day for them to link up with me for a scheduled appointment. Later, a female voice using the husband’s phone called me to quickly come to the hospital. I was on my way there when Bose’s second child, a girl writing exams at the Obafemi Awolowo University, called me, sobbing! “Daddy, what is happening to my Mom? My Daddy called me and said my Mummy is in coma” Coma! “Yes, sir”, the girl replied, “and my Daddy said my Mummy is dead!” I almost lost control of the wheel because I was driving.

Act Five: On getting to the hospital, they had already started embalming Bose! I screamed at the husband, but the hospital staff restrained me. Why the haste? Without any of her family members present! A thousand thoughts ran riot in my head. At 6.28 pm, Bose’s mortal remains were deposited in the morgue and we left.

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Act Six: While we were agonizing about how to break the sad news to Bose’s mother, her husband and his family had posted Bose’s death on every conceivable social media platform, breaking the news to her young children, the oldest of whom is just a little over 20 years while the youngest is 14!

Act seven: We the siblings of Bose’s mother wanted a decent burial for her. We wanted her dreams and visions for her children respected. Bose’s husband and his family spurned all of that! They weaponized Bose’s young children against us. They threw their so-called customs and traditions in our face at every turn – as if the Yoruba have no customs and traditions. They employed deceit and subterfuge and hurriedly committed Bose to mother earth without any of her family members present! We warned! They ignored and played games!

Google says Edema is a name answered by both the Urhobo and Itsekiri people of Delta state. Does their culture permit the trumping of Yoruba customs and traditions? Should a husband boast to his children – while their mother was still battling cancer – that, if she dies, he will remarry? So, expect his wedding invitation!

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Had Bose died of cancer, our pains would have been less insufferable; but she did not! Were they tired of the stress and wanted closure so they could move on with their own life? Hastened to her death! Hurried to the grave! This is to put the records straight. Our immediate attention, however, is the good health of Bose’s mother – and Daddy Omiyale’s burial slated for 29th and 30th of October this year.

Let Dr. Segun Osoba rest in power! And eternal rest grant Abosede Oluwayemisi Edema (nee Omiyale), O Lord!

 

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(Published in the TREASURES column on the back page of the Wednesday, 5 August, 2026 edition of the New Telegraph newspaper).

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